Nevada Constitution Vs. Nevada - 1696 Words

The Nevada constitution is the document that governs the citizens of the state of Nevada. In general, state constitutions are usually much longer than the United States constitution and Nevada’s constitution, which was sanctioned in 1864, is one of the state constitutions that fall into that category. When comparing the two, Nevada’s constitution is just short of being twice the length of the United States constitution, but Nevada is still shorter than the constitution of twenty-six other states. The reason Nevada’s constitution has such length is because of the in-depth parts it contains, which are protracted from the provisions of the United States constitution. The reason for Nevada’s constitution having such depth is because of the†¦show more content†¦The federal courts interpret federal laws and state courts interpret state laws, which helps Nevada retain power and assists on making sure the national government does not become too strong. Cl ose to ninety percent of cases heard in the American court system happen at the state level. Examples include: A crime that is a violation of state law such as murder, traffic violations, assault, robbery, family cases and most drug-related crimes. State courts are the final mediators of state laws and constitutions, but their interpretation of federal laws or the United States Constitution could be appealed to the United States Supreme Court. http://judiciallearningcenter.org/state-courts-vs-federal-courts/ Nevada s Governor Power Compared to the President’s Power The Nevada governor is the executive head of the entire state. Nevada has its own laws and constitution and the Governor is the individual who oversees after internal governance of the state. The Governor also carries the power to finalize the budget of the state and to also appoint judges in the court system. The Governor is elected directly by the citizens of the state and serves a four-year term. The governor is also responsible for making sure that the state is prepared for emergencies and disasters, as most emergencies and disasters are overseen at the local level. The Governor also utilizes executive orders, for example: addressing administrative and management issues such as regulatory reform, discrimination,Show MoreRelatedThe Nevada Constitution Vs. Nevada1858 Words   |  8 PagesUnited States and Nevada Constitutions to include its length, how their judges interpret law, the powers of their leaders, their forms of democracy, their meeting mandates and their system of selecting judges. This paper discusses these differences as well as an important concern for Nevadans, the value of an intermediate court of appeals. In the latter we will note the attempts to establish a court of appeals as well where the issue stands now. I. Why the Nevada Constitution is lengthier and whatRead MoreAnalysis Of The Nevada And Us Constitutions1883 Words   |  8 PagesAn Analysis of the Nevada and US Constitutions and Government Structures Denisse Bustillos, 5432 PSC 101 Introduction to American Government and Politics Fall 2014 Section number: 101-1003 88311 Professor: William Eric Davis Ph.D. Author Note This assignment represents my own work. It is not a recycled assignment from another course and it has not been purchased, borrowed, or obtained from another source. Nor has any part of it been plagiarized. I did not include sections written by or summarizedRead MoreTheu.s. And Nevada Constitutions3730 Words   |  15 Pages An Analysis of the U.S and Nevada Constitutions and Government Structures By Lisa McClaughry 7165 PSC 101 Introduction to American Government and Politics Spring 2015 Section Number: [3008] Class Number: [32583] Professor: William Eric Davis, Ph.D. This assignment represents my own work. 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Policy1154 Words   |  5 Pagestake these amendments into place and also the changes. Impact of the 14th and 15th Amendment under U.S. Policy The 14th Amendment was ratified July 9, 1868 giving citizenship to all persons including former slaves. Any state that went against the constitution was punished, reducing their representation in Congress. The Amendment banned those who engaged in rebellion against the States from holding any civil, military or elected office without approval of two-thirds of the Senate and the House of RepresentativesRead MoreImpact Of The 14th And 15th Amendment Under U.s. Policy Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagestake these amendments into place and also the changes. Impact of the 14th and 15th Amendment under U.S. Policy The 14th Amendment was ratified July 9, 1868 giving citizenship to all persons including former slaves. Any state that went against the constitution was punished, reducing their representation in Congress. The Amendment banned those who engaged in rebellion against the States from holding any civil, military or elected office without approval of two-thirds of the Senate and the House of RepresentativesRead MoreThe Rights Of African Americans1631 Words   |  7 Pagesregain representation. Last but not least was the ratification of the 15th Amendment on February 3, 1870. This amendment s sponsor was heavily guided by a member of the senate committee of the Judiciary William Stewart. William Stewart represented Nevada and was known as the silver senator and actually drafted the final version of the 15th amendment. The 15th amendment barred states from disenfranchisement. States could not prohibit persons from voting regardless of race, color, or previous conditionRead MoreThe Treaty O f Guadalupe Hidalgo1654 Words   |  7 PagesWar. Bringing peace between the two countries. The U.S. called for Mexico to cede 55% of its territory, extending the boundaries of the United States by over 525,000 sq/m. This newly acquired land is what is known as present day Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado,and Wyoming. In exchange for this land, Mexico received a $15 million compensation. word count: 130 Abolitionist Movement The Abolitionist Movement began in 1833, when the American Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia

The Impact Of Financial Development On Society s...

Cagetti and Nardi (2006) argue that financial development is beneficial to the individuals who have higher ability to make investment and then become the entrepreneurs. In contrast, the individuals who are relatively more common could not make human investment and then become the workers. Therefore, the whole society’s inequality gap will be widen. Maurer and Haber (2003) suggest that in the process of financial liberalization and financial deepening, the financing channels for low income people are not have effectively developed, and the difficulties for financing are not have substantial progress. On the contrary, the rich have more capital and convenience to get access into the financial activities and services and get more money. Empirical researches have been conducted to test these alternative theories. Li , Squire and Zou (1998) adopt 2480 observations on Gini coefficients covering 112 developing and developed countries for the time period from 1947 to 1994. The results broadly confirm the two propositions. The first proposition is income inequality is relatively stable within countries. Income inequality is varies significantly across countries is the second proposition. They suggest that the financial development mitigate the most low income families’ liquidity constraint and improve their ability of get higher income. According to their empirical analysis, the financial development has a negative impact on the income inequality which measured by the GiniShow MoreRelatedSocial Responsibility And Its Effect On International Business Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesrising number of inequalities within and between countries has effects on international business. It starts with the meaning or principal and level of the social activities as well as suggestions in the conduct of business and introduce that the standard of the responsibility will become an implementation of the business in the future. Corporate social responsibility is the concept for corporate strategy that can help business to achieve their objectives sustainably. The inequality between men andRead MoreChile : An Engine Of Global Growth1471 Words   |  6 Pagesto World Bank President Jim Yong Kim, Developing countries were an engine of global growth following the financial crisis, but now they face a more difficult economic environment†(The World Bank, 2015). Despite recent downturns for emerging markets, Chile has been on the up rise since taking a large hit to GDP growth in 2014. In this paper we will analyze the Chilean Economy, its financial systems, exchange rate systems, as well as some of the risk involved in investing in Chilean markets. WhatRead MoreSocial Justice And Its Impact On Human Development1731 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Oxford Dictionary, Social Justice is â€Å"justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society†. Simply put, it is the collective group of ideas and institutions that aim to achieve the most equitable form of society, with the main goal of these institutions being positive human development. The ideas and institutions that, theoretically, are meant to contribute toward social justice include health care, human rights in the workforce, education,Read MoreThe World Bank : Professional Organization Report Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagesevery country (para. 1). They do this by offering low interest loans, credit and grants to countries in need. Additionally, they give policy advisement based on top research that is used to inform countries on investment opportunities. Because many financial issues that countries face are based on social issues The World Bank has conducted research that aims to better improve the life of women, people of color and other disenfranchised communities. The Annual Meeting with International Monetary FundRead MoreHow Globalisation has affected developing countries in the Asia - pacific region1609 Words   |  7 Pagesprocess of globalization. Globalization is the progressive integration between national economies and the breaking down of barriers between trade and financial flows around the world, which will eventually lead to the emergence of a single world market. Globalization has affected many different nations in different ways, depending on their degree of development and extent to which they are open to the flows of the world economy. China, which is one of the developing countries, is said to be the next economicRead MoreAn Evaluation Will Be Deducted On The Health Inequalities Among Australians1689 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout this essay an evaluation will be deducted on the health inequalities among Australians. 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Adding to these challenges are weak governance, incoherent policies, and weak coordination and collaboration within and betweenRead MoreFactors Contributing With The Growing Of Income Inequality Essay2299 Words    |  10 PagesWhat factors contribute with the growing of income inequality? There are three primarily factors that contribute with the exponential growing of income inequality. The first factor that economist attribute to the income inequality is the globalization. Globalization frames industrial revolution and international trade. The industrial revolution provided enormous changes for the economy in a global level. It provided new technology to improve agriculture and give the opportunity to develop what itRead MoreHow Does Social Inequality Affect People Of Different Nationalities? Ethnicities And Races? Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages101 015 Prof. Pinderhughes 12/15/2016 â€Å"1]. 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Some believe that the only way to solve the issue is through reparation; however, others think reparation will only threaten America’s pride

Antigone (622 words) Essay Example For Students

Antigone (622 words) Essay AntigoneThe debate over who is the tragic hero in Antigone continue on to this day. The belief that Antigone is the hero is a strong one. There are many critics who believe, however, that Creon, the Ruler of Thebes, is the true protagonist. I have made my own judgments also, based on what I have researched of this work by Sophocles. Antigone is widely thought of as the tragic hero of the play bearing her name. She would seem to fit the part in light of the fact that she dies in doing what is right. She buries her brother without worrying what might happen to her. She Takes into consideration death and the reality that may be beyond death (Hathorn 59). Those who do believe that Antigone was meant to be the true tragic hero argue against others who believe that Creon deserves that honor. They say that the Gods were against Creon, and that he did not truly love his country. His patriotism is to narrow and negative and his conception of justice is too exclusive. .. to be dignified by the name of love for the state (Hathorn 59). These arguments, and many others, make many people believe the Antigone is the rightful protagonist. Many critics argue that Creon is the tragic hero of Antigone. They say that his noble quality is his caring for Antigone and Ismene when thier father was persecuted. Those who stand behind Creon also argue that Antigone never had a true epiphany, a key element in being a tragic hero. Creon, on the other hand, realized his mistake when Teiresias made his prophecy. He is forced to live, knowing that three people are dead because of his ignorance, which is a punishment worse than death. My opinion on this debate is that Antigone is the tragic hero. She tries to help her brother without worrying about what will happen to her. She says, I intend to give my brother burial. Ill be glad to die in the attempt, -if its a crime, then its a crime that God commands (Sophocles 4). She was also punished for doing what was right. Her epiphany came, hidden from the audience, before she hung herself. Creons nobleness of taking in young Antigone and Ismene is overshadowed by his egotistical nature. He will not allow justice to come about simply because he wants to protect his image. He says, If she gets away with this behavior, call me a woman and call her a man (Sophocles 13). These elements prove that Antigone is the tragic hero. Creon, understanding his ignorance may lead one to believe that he is the true protagonist. But, if you define the word protagonist you would find that a protagonist is one who is a leader or supporter of a cause. Antigone is in support of her own actions in the burial of her brother Polyneices. She entrusts that she is doing what the Gods want, contrary to the belief of Creon. Many readers and critics may say Creon suffered greator hardships. Some may say Antigone never had an epiphany. Who would understand it if their own brother were left to the birds and dogs. There would be no rational thinking involved in a act like this. These are arguments envolved in deciding who is the tragic hero of Antigone. Critics, to this day, still argue about who is the tragic hero of Antigone. Many say that Antigone is the heroin. Others say that it is Creon. My research favors Antigone as the perfect protagonist. No matter who the reader sides with, it is agreed by most that there is a valid argument either way, in light of the fact that they both endure great hardships.

Personal Development Plan

Introduction A Personal Development Plan (PDP) is cited in literature as a key step in defining and exploring one’s goals, and mapping out ways of turning the same goals into reality.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Development Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Keynote Project (2002, p. 1) for example observes that students can use PDP to articulate the skills they are developing in the present and match the same to â€Å"opportunities in the future†. Cassidy (2012, p. 1) provides a more succinct definition of PDP by terming it a â€Å"form of self-managed learning that is owned by the individual and enables a strategic approach to setting learning and development goals†. In an educational setup, it would be expected that PDPs will enable students to receive feedback that will assist them in their personal and professional development, and benefit them with the feedback provi ded by their tutors. In this writer’s case, PDP will be used as a tool for managing own development. Additionally, the PDP as articulated hereunder will provide this writer with an opportunity to expand on own personal, academic and professional horizons. In other words, this exercise provides this writer with an opportunity to take stock of own position; set goals; and use the unique skills and competencies in the academic as well as the professional setup now and in the future. Additionally, the writer will identify areas that need more effort, and as such, will intentionally pay more effort in such areas in future in order to become effective in present or future roles.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Overall, it has been suggested that PDP is important for people who need (or are forced by circumstances) to take responsibility of â€Å"their own development and f ollow-through† with the same (Cassidy 2012, p. 1). Interpreted, the aforementioned means that every learner needs to use PDP not only because higher learning requires a degree of independent learner-directed learning, but also because it helps the students to identify what their learning needs are, and thus work towards fulfilling the same. Acculturation Acculturation has been has defined as â€Å"a dual process affecting members of two or more cultural groups as each adapts to the presence of the other† (Barjesteh Vaseghi 2012, p. 579). In higher learning, acculturation has become a commonplace thing as students from different cultures meet in the college environment each in the pursuit of an education. Foreign (international) students interact with students from the host country and the first-hand contact between the two groups of students eventually means that the original cultures of either side are affected. Notably, acculturation is important in group or team dyn amics since members need not only get a task done, but also need to work well together as suggested by Tidd, Bessant and Pavitt (2005, p.1). Without students understanding and respecting each other’s cultural differences, chances are that team work would not be successful. Barjesteh and Vaseghi (2012, p. 580) name language shock and culture shock as main factors that contribute to psychological distance among international students.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Development Plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Language is especially important for such students because as Schumann (1986, p. 385) notes, verbal interactions enable communication and negotiations among people from different cultures. Trawinski (2005, p. 14) further notes that the ability of a learner to benefit from academic input depends on their ability to understand and convert materials taught in class (most likely in a second acquired language) into meaningful information. For such students to benefit from course materials, Trawnski (2005, p. 18) argues that the communicative, integrative and expressive functions of language have to be efficient from both sides of the message divide (i.e. the message sender and the message recipient). This writer went through the full course of â€Å"the process of acculturation† as defined by Brown (1980 cited by Barjesteh Vaseghi 2012, p. 580). Specifically, the writer underwent the euphoria stage where excitement took precedence owing to the newness of the college environment. Next was the culture shock stage where the writer felt a sense of intrusion as the reality of the new surroundings, cultural differences and the loss of familiar signs and social symbols as suggested by Yue and Le (2012, p.134) started becoming a reality. Cultural stress then took over and during this phase, the writer started a gradual recovery of self-identity also understanding, accep ting and being accepted by others. By the time of this exercise, this writer has attained full recovery as suggested by Barjesteh Vaseghi (2012, p. 580) whereby, the writer has adopted, assimilated and accepted the new culture. Additionally, this writer has developed a new identity, which arguably fits well into the college environment.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The full recovery stage is especially essential in learning since this writer can now comprehend different types of communication in the host culture; however, the writer is still working on his verbal communication skills as indicated in the Skills Audit Report in Appendix A. The verbal communication skills are especially important in teamwork since they affect the writer’s ability to take up leadership position, his presentation skills, and his ability to communicate effectively with the team members. True to Lakey (2003, p. 111), people from diverse cultures â€Å"successfully acculturate themselves to the degree that they learn to code and decode messages in a way that they will be recognised, accepted, and responded to by an individual or group which they interact†; and while this writer can confidently state that he has been successful in decoding messages communicated to him, coding his messages in a manner that enables effective communication to his colleagues is still something that he is working towards. Team work and presentation skills Based on the Belbin’ Team roles personal inventory as illustrated in Appendix B, this writer scored highest in IM (Company worker/implementer) by acquiring 14 points, and in PL (Plant) by acquiring 9 points. Following Belbin’s (1993) roles on the corresponding individual types, it is thus apparent that the writer’s positive abilities include self-discipline, hard-work, practical commonsense, and the ability to organise. The corresponding allowable weaknesses indicate that the writer lacks flexibility, and is unresponsive to â€Å"new or unproven ideas† (Belbin 1993, n.pag). The high score in PL (Plant) are further indicative that the writer has additional positive qualities that include knowledge, intellect and imagination. The corresponding allowable weaknesses as indicated by Belbin include an inclination to pay no or little attention to practical details and/or protocol. A s indicated in the Skills Audit Report (Appendix A), this writer’s main weaknesses are in leadership, presentation skills, and in verbal communication. In the writer’s own perspective, the three weaknesses as interrelated owing to the fact that the inability to communicate effectively affects his presentation skills, and this invariably dents his confidence towards being a capable leader. As indicated in Appendix A however, the writer seeks to improve his verbal communication skills, and this will directly affect the presentation and leadership skills as well. Reports and Academic Journal Comparisons Despite the weaknesses noted above, and the indication that this writer is best suited as a company worker/implementer and plant position, it is common knowledge that finding a â€Å"perfect† person is impossible in real life. As such, the writers’ strengths and weaknesses although creating the impression of an imperfect learner/job applicant, also indicate t hat this writer’s qualities of being organised, knowledgeable and meticulous make him an ideal candidate for a team where all the nine skills as indicated in the Belbin model are necessary. Team-based management systems are increasingly considered necessary for enhancing the productivity and effectiveness in organisation as indicated by Gà ¼ndà ¼z (2008, p. 460), Partington and Harris (1993, p. 694) and Katzenbach and Smith (1993, p. 111). Similarly, and upon entering the postgraduate programs, and on proceeding further to the professional environment, this writer expects to be part of bigger teams as working alone in the current team-based workplace environments is to some extent, outdated. A team is defined as the â€Å"small group of people who make contributions to the common goal, who perform in accordance with the goals, who depend on each other with the mutual feeling of responsibility and who have complementary skills† (Gà ¼ndà ¼z 2008, p. 461). In other wo rds, this writer’s skills would need to compliment those of his team mates for purposes of attaining a common goal. The team roles of the writer as indicated in Appendix B â€Å"describes how suitable the member is for the team† as indicated by Belbin (2010, p.120). On their part, Fisher, Hunter and Macrosson (1998, p. 284) observe that team roles as stipulated in the Belbin Model should be used universally (even outside management teams). Notably however, Aritzeta, Swailes and Senior (2005, p. 20) observe that â€Å"Belbin did not report the theoretical foundations of his theory†, and as such, the theory has a limitation. Some critics like Broucek and Randel (1996, p. 403) further argue that the Belbin model is based on an anecdote. Despite the omission of not basing his model on any theoretical ground, Aritzeta et al. (2005, p. 21) observes that the empirical formulation of Belbin’s work can still be linked to established theories. Among authors who sup port the Belbin Model are Fisher et al. (1998, p. 284) who observe that although there are dominant team roles for each individual, it does not mean that he/she cannot play other team roles. The major factors that determine the roles that a person can play in a team include their intelligence, extroversion or introversion, stability or anxiety, and dominance or lack thereof (Fisher et al., 1998, p.285). The aforementioned factors affect how teams interact, and their level of productivity, while team roles obtain the balance needed for team members to work harmoniously and productively. Notably, and as indicated in the Skills Audit Report, this writer still needs to work on his verbal communication skills, his leadership skills, and his presentation skills if his contributions to a team will be realized. Without the finding a solution to the three weak areas, this writer acknowledges that the team roles of being an implementer or a plant that generates ideas through imagination or in novation, cannot be realized without the appropriate communication skills. Personal Planning and Action Plan The requirement of this writer’s role as a team player In the global environment where this writer (and others) lives in, it would be expected that working in teams would expose one to people from different cultures. In the management field therefore, it is essential for this writer to concentrate on finding solutions to the three weak areas identified in the Skills Audit Report (Appendix A), and finding ways to overcome the threats identified in the SWOT analysis report (Appendix C). In the latter, this writer identified homesickness and the global competition in the workplace as the main threats. To overcome them, this writer will therefore need to gain skills and knowledge that will give him a competitive edge over others (i.e. in case of the global competition), and will also need to find ways of overcoming the homesickness (e.g. by calling friends and families) of ten. This writer will also need to find solutions to the major weaknesses facing him and intends to do the following in order of sequence: Become a better communicator Become better in presenting ideas and innovations Become a leader As indicated in the Skills Audit Report (Appendix A), this writer’s main strengths include time management skills, self-motivation, and the ability to work well in teams. The writer’s strengths are further evident in the Skills, Knowledge and Attitude (SKA Analysis) (Appendix D), where time management, office skills, decision-making skills, and flexibility are his skills strong point. Additionally, this writer is knowledgeable in researching and has experience working in his specialty. Attitude-wise, this writer is a realist and as shown in Appendix E (Learning Style Questionnaire), the writer has three dominant learning styles namely activist, reflector and theorist. On self-evaluation though, this writer is more convinced that the refl ector and theorist learning styles are more applicable in his case. A SMART action plan Specific goal: To be a better communicator, presenter of ideas and innovations, and a leader in the next two years. Measurable: To communicate eloquently in the English language; to make presentations to my peers in college and colleagues in the workplace; and to assume emergent leadership positions in college and/or in the workplace. Attainable: Practice my communication skills more alone or with the help of a privately acquired tutor; practice my presentation skills with a friend with the view of perfecting them in readiness for a bigger audience; and vie for leadership positions in college and/or in the workplace. Relevance: The goals are meant to counter the weaknesses identified in the Skills Audit Report indicated in appendix A. Time-Bound: Activity Time Length Measurable Milestones Enabling factors Improve verbal communication skills 6 months Ability to communicate eloquently A budget to acquire a private tutor to help with the verbal communication skills; time; and motivation to learn Enhance presentation skills 6 -12 months Ability to make informative and attention-capturing presentations; eliciting audience response thus indicating effective communication A willing colleague/friend to act as an audience, and one who will be willing to comment and criticise where necessary. Become a leader 12 months Vying for leadership positions and getting support for the same as a sign of people’s confidence in this writer’s leadership abilities The availability of leadership positions; writer’s leadership potential and its appeal to other people in the college or organisational setup. Conclusions and Reflection As inferred in the above sections, this writer is not only studying in a culture that is different from his own, but is also likely to continue with the same working in the global environment where people from different cultures mee t to work for same organisations. As such, as one who intends to obtain a leadership position in future, this writer realises the need not only to understand what is communicated to him, but also to communicate efficiently to others. It is for such reasons that this writer identifies the inadequate verbal communications skills, the inadequate presentation skills, and the lack of leadership skills as the three main weaknesses that he needs to improve on. Notably, and as indicated elsewhere in this PDP, an improvement in one (i.e. verbal communication) will probably have an undeniable effect on the other two, since this writer has the knowledge in his area of specialty, with his main hindrance being in his inability to communicate effectively. As a realist, this writer acknowledges that the vision to become a leader can only be attained after successfully becoming a better communicator and an adept presenter of ideas and innovations. After all, leadership is earned, and such can only happen if one is clearly understood and supported by others. Additionally, leaders commune the mission and vision to their followers, something that would not happen if one is not able to communicate effectively. References Aritzeta, A, Swailes, S Senior, B 2005, ‘Team roles: psychometric evidence, construct validity and team building’, Research Memorandum- Centre for Management and Organizational Learning, Business School, University of Hull, no. 51, pp. 1-39. Web. Barjesteh, H Vaseghi, R 2012, ‘Acculturation model for L2 acquisition: review and evaluation’, Advances in Asian Social Science (AASS), vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 579-584. Belbin, R. M 1993, Team roles at work, Elsevier, London. Belbin, R. M 2010, The management of teams- Why they succeed or fail, Routledge, London; New York. Broucek, W. G Randell, G 1996, ‘An assessment of construct validity of the Belbin self-perception inventory and observer’s assessment from the perspective of the fi ve-factor model’, Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, vol. 69, pp. 389-405. Cassidy, C 2012, ‘(b) Personal development Plan’, Appendix_3b. Web. Fisher, S, Hunter, T Mackrosson, W 1998, ‘The structure of Belbin’s team roles’, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, vol. 71, pp. 283-288. Gà ¼ndà ¼z, H. B (2008), ‘An evaluation on Belbin’s team roles theory (the case of Sakarya Anatolian profession High School, Profession High School and Vocational High School for Industry)’, World Applied Sciences Journal, vol.4, no. 3, pp. 460-469. Katzenbach, J. R Smith, K 1993, ‘The discipline of teams’, Harvard Business Review, March-April, pp. 11-120. Lakey, P. N 2003, ‘Acculturation: a review of the literature’, Intercultural Communication Studies, Vol. XII, No. 2, PP. 103-118. Partington, D Harris, H 1999, ‘Team role balance and team performance: an empirical studyà ¢â‚¬â„¢, Journal of Management Development, vol. 18, no.8, pp. 694-705. Schumann, J. H 1986, Research on acculturation model for L2 acquisition, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, vol.7, pp. 379-397. The Keynote Project 2002, ‘Personal development planning guide’, The Nottingham Trent University. Web. Tidd, J, Bessant, J Pavitt, K 2005, ‘managing innovation- team building tools’. Web. Trawinski, M 2005, An outline of second language acquisition theories, Academic Pedagogic, Krakow. Yue, Y Le, Q 2012, ‘From â€Å"cultural shock† to â€Å"ABC framework†: Development of intercultural contact theory’, International Journal of Innovative Interdisciplinary Research, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 133-141. Appendices Appendix A: Skills Audit Report (.pdf file) Appendix B: Team Roles Personal Inventory (.pdf file) Appendix C: SWOT analysis Strengths: Good in time management Strong teamwork skills Orderly and good in plannin g Weaknesses: Very shy Problem with speech Irascible Opportunities: Study in Britain Unmarried Large family Threats: Competitive job opportunities Homesickness Appendix D: S.K.A analysis Skills : Time management Office skills Decision maker Flexible Knowledge : Experience in my specialty. Ability to do research. Readers interested in my specialty. Attitude: Optimistic Realistic Appendix E: Learning Style Questionnaire (.pdf file) This essay on Personal Development Plan was written and submitted by user Tristin T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Chris Cunningham as a Director essays

Chris Cunningham as a Director essays Movies are a dream, and probably a picture of the images in the mind that are formed of a person and this is the person who is guiding the entire movie. Normally this individual is the leader of the pack making the movie, and he is the director. In the past, this was not the scene and the movies were being made by studios, which had set formulae for making movies and through the movies, money. That was money making venture, but it did not have many dreams woven into them. This still exists in certain types of movies in certain countries, but the cheapest method of making movies is now on the video, and this has led to enormous dynamism in the production of these movies. They were also not so original a few years back and did not get into diversions regarding ART or similar outlandish' ventures. (The Duke on The Work of Chris Cunningham') At that time there would be just a few songs playing and this would be the main music element in the music video. This music would have a visual accompaniment from persons like Madonna or Thin Lizzy, or any other popular artiste. This was felt to be enough as a visual, and the concerned viewers would be happy. There would not be demands from the audience about unusual pictures like a sex action between robots or kids chasing pensioners around the housing area. Today, the dialogue of these video movies has changed and they usually start with a lot of motherfucker' and ho' filled words that would not have even appeared in print earlier. Along with that there are a lot of effects like SFX, CGI, malarkey and other effects. All this is added to make the nonsense that is coming out of the video movie interesting' to the viewers. Other interesting bits are added through robots engaging in sex and SFX. One of the greatest in this field was Chris Cunningham. (The Duke on The Work of Chris...

Can You Really Write an eBook in a Week

Can You Really Write an eBook in a Week If you could write a book every week, what would you write about? Is it even possible to write a book in a week? Browse Amazon, and you’ll find all kinds of writing books promising to teach you how to write a book in just a few days. I used to be cynical about these claims. I was a plodding writer. I believed you had to write slowly, otherwise you’d create shoddy work. The promise of writing a book in a week was hyperbole – or so I thought. Things began to change for me when I discovered that Isaac Asimov wrote over 500 books in his lifetime. On further examination, I found that other authors had equally prolific outputs. Belgian novelist Georges Simenon also wrote and published more than 500 books. Meanwhile the children’s writer Enid Blyton authored over 750 novels and story collections. Still I clung to my old beliefs. â€Å"Sure, they could do it,† I told myself. â€Å"But they had special gifts. For most writers, slow is normal.† I believe I was right that for most writers, slow is normal. But in all other respects, I was wrong. Fast writing continued to seem impossible to me until I had no choice in the matter. I’d been a professional blogger for several years, and then I got my first ebook client. I was thrilled. But the work came with a special request. My client needed the ebook finished within one week. Could I do it? I was terrified, but I wanted to give it a try. This was the opportunity I had been waiting for. Now, I could discover what I was capable of. That week, writing slowly was no longer an option. I got up early on Monday morning and began work. I started writing at 7.30 a.m., pushing myself to write as fast as I could. I poured my heart into every word. If anything, my writing seemed more vibrant for not being churned around my brain before being committed to the page. I finished the first draft I’d done it. I’d pushed through all my misconceptions and fears about writing. I’d learned I was capable of far more than I previously imagined possible. What’s more, I knew I’d created something good. My clients were delighted with my work. But what would readers think? Eventually, the first review came in. Five stars. I’d really done it! How much did I write that week? Ten thousand words. A relatively short book, but a respectable length ebook. Looking back, and knowing what’s possible for me now, 10,000 words doesn’t seem like a whole lot. But at the time, it seemed like a miracle. If you’ve never tried writing fast, I recommend seeing what you’re capable of. Challenge yourself to double your daily output. Even if what you write isn’t perfect, because you’ve written twice as much as usual, you’ll have an extra day free for editing. And chances are, you won’t need to do nearly as much editing as you think. You’ll only discover what’s possible So why not give fast writing a try today? I’d love to hear how you get on.

American Criminal Justice and Terrorists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Criminal Justice and Terrorists - Essay Example This has gathered momentum and sanctity after the declaration of the global war against terror. The law does not allow physical power to force a terrorist to give out the secrets that he or she might be withholding. Whether it is the special purpose jails like Guantanamo Bay in Cuba or some many others elsewhere, it has been held invalid by various courts simply because no charges were filed on many of them. If the cases were to go to Military tribunals, violence could become the way of life. On 29 June 2006, the US Supreme Court4 ruled that the Guantanamo prisoners can not be tried by military tribunals. This was a land mark judgment and a major setback to the Bush Government. This also upholds the fact that the courts are having a different idea when it comes to trying the terrorists or as the US Government calls them, 'unlawful combatants'. And the courts find it 'hurting their conscience' when confessions are taken from people unethically, using torture which is either locally manufactured or outsourced.

Compare the implications of negative and positive freedom for the Essay

Compare the implications of negative and positive freedom for the relationship between the individual and the state - Essay Example It is also widely claimed to pertain to exemption from the arbitrary exercise of authority in the performance of a specific action and the capacity to exercise choice. Out of this freedom comes a consideration whether to be free from authority or external governing forces or from the inner command which is rather controlled by oneself. In a situation where an individual is able to act freely under circumstances when elements of state, unless for the purpose of granting security, may not interfere with freedom, in terms for instance of speech, religious choice, self-expression, and of general learning which are all taken into account by the so-called negative liberty. Restrictions in this sense of negative freedom would thus necessarily be derived from the outside since a person for this case is assumed capable of executing an action by instinct or nature beyond any internal inhibitions. On the contrary, positive liberty is a consequence of freedom from boundaries set by convention in a society which establishes a standard norm that must be adhered to collectively or by the number of people making up a society of particular social structure. This mode of liberty is characteristic of an introspective condition and would not afford even a slightest resistance to implementation of freewill. Though one may feel free to participate in assimilation yet finds discomfort in the idea of conformity to a dominant group which supports advocacy for certain ideology, cultural belief, or a complex sociological framework which embeds inevitable division by race, sex, or class, freedom would not have a complete sense of positive identity for such an involved person. Commitment to liberty in this picture ought to be relieved of coercion and should, by all means, originate based upon sole discretion of freewill instead. Freedom in its positive trait further

Leadership Theories Essay Example for Free

Leadership Theories Essay One of the earliest approaches for studying leadership was the trait approach. This approach emphasizes attributes of leaders such as personality, motives, values, and skills. Underlying this approach was the assumption that some people are natural leaders, endowed with certain traits not possessed by other people. Early leadership theories attributed managerial success to extraordinary abilities such as tireless energy, penetrating intuition, uncanny foresight, and irresistible persuasive powers. Hundreds of trait studies conducted during the 1930s and 1940s sought to discover these elusive qualities, but this massive research effort failed to find any traits that would guarantee leadership success. One reason for the failure was a lack of attention to intervening variables in the causal chain that could explain how traits could affect a delayed outcome such as group performance or leader advancement. The predominant research method was to look for a significant correlation between individual leader attributes and a criterion of leader success, without examining any explanatory processes. However, as evidence from better designed research slowly accumulated over the years, researchers made progress in discovering how leader attributes are related to leadership behavior and effectiveness. A more recent trait approach examines leader values that are relevant for explaining ethical leadership. Behavior Approach The behavior approach began in the early 1950s after many researchers became discouraged with the trait approach and began to pay closer attention to what managers actually do on the job. The behavior research falls into two general subcategories. One line of research examines how managers spend their time and the typical pattern of activities, responsibilities, and functions for managerial jobs. Some of the research also investigates how managers cope with demands, constraints, and role conflicts in their jobs. Most research on managerial work uses descriptive methods of data collection such as direct observation, diaries, job description questionnaires, and anecdotes obtained from interviews. Although this research was not designed to directly assess effective leadership, it provides useful insights into this subject. Leadership effectiveness depends in part on how well a manager resolves role conflicts, copes with demands, recognizes opportunities, and overcomes constraints. Another subcategory of the behavior approach focuses on identifying effective leadership behavior. The preferred research method involves a survey field study with a behavior description questionnaire. In the past 50 years, hundreds of survey studies examined the correlation between leadership behavior and various indicators of leadership effectiveness. A much smaller number of studies used laboratory experiments, field experiments, or critical incidents to determine how effective leaders differ in behavior from ineffective leaders. Power-Influence Approach Power-influence research examines influence processes between leaders and other people. Like most research on traits and behavior, some of the power-influence research takes a leader-centered perspective with an implicit assumption that causality is unidirectional (leaders act and followers react). This research seeks to explain leadership effectiveness in terms of the amount and type of power possessed by a leader and how power is exercised. Power is viewed as important not only for influencing subordinates, but also for influencing peers, superiors, and people outside the organization, such as clients and suppliers. The favorite methodology has been the use of survey questionnaires to relate leader power to various measures of leadership effectiveness. Other power-influence research used questionnaires and descriptive incidents to determine how leaders influence the attitudes and behavior of followers. The study of influence tactics can be viewed as a bridge linking the power-influence approach and the behavior approach. The use of different influence tactics is compared in terms of their relative effectiveness for getting people to do what the leader wants. Participative leadership is concerned with power sharing and empowerment of followers, but it is firmly rooted in the tradition of behavior research as well. Many studies used questionnaires to correlate subordinate perceptions of participative leadership with criteria of leadership effectiveness such as subordinate satisfaction, effort, and performance. Laboratory and field experiments compared autocratic and participative leadership styles. Finally, descriptive case studies of effective managers examined how they use consultation and delegation to give people a sense of ownership for decisions. Situational Approach The situational approach emphasizes the importance of contextual factors that influence leadership processes. Major situational variables include the characteristics of followers, the nature of the work performed by the leader’s unit, the type of organization, and the nature of the external environment. This approach has two major subcategories. One line of research is an attempt to discover the extent to which leadership processes are the same or unique across different types of organizations, levels of management, and cultures. The primary research method is a comparative study of two or more situations. The dependent variables may be managerial perceptions and attitudes, managerial activities and behavior patterns, or influence processes. The other subcategory of situational research attempts to identify aspects of the situation that â€Å"moderate† the relationship of leader attributes (e.g., traits, skills, behavior) to leadership effectiveness. The assumption is that different attributes will be effective in different situations, and that the same attribute is not optimal in all situations. Theories describing this relationship are sometimes called â€Å"contingency theories† of leadership. A more extreme form of situational theory (â€Å"leadership substitutes†) identifies the conditions that can make hierarchical leadership redundant and unnecessary (Chapter 8). Integrative Approach An integrative approach involves more than one type of leadership variable. In recent years it has become more common for researchers to include two or more types of leadership variables in the same study, but it is still rare to find a theory that includes all of them (i.e., traits, behavior, influence processes, situational variables, and outcomes). An example of the integrative approach is the self-concept theory of charismatic leadership (see Chapter 9), which attempts to explain why the followers of some leaders are willing to exert exceptional effort and make personal sacrifices to accomplish the group objective or mission.

Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay -- essays research papers

Defining a True Hero Is a hero the one who decides to stand up when everyone else is only thinking about it? Is a hero the one who retains integrity rather than give in to the world’s everyday temptations? Is a hero the picture of courage, or an example of morals? These are the questions that arise after reading the epic story of Beowulf by an anonymous author, and the romantic tale of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, also written by an anonymous author. The stories describe two very different heroes. Beowulf was undoubtedly a hero, but as time advanced and the world became more complicated, what constituted a hero became more shady; therefore, while he is not anything like Beowulf, Sir Gawain is also in fact a true hero. Beowulf is a hero. That is an undeniable fact. His heroic image stands out notably because Beowulf is what could be called an active hero while Sir Gawain plays the part of a passive hero, but still a hero nonetheless. Beowulf has one duty: he must fight and win. If he succeeds, he is a hero; if he fails he is simply a failure (except when he fails at defeating the dragon because he has already proved himself and goes with honor, which is different from initially failing). In the last lines of the story the author clearly acknowledges Beowulf’s overall triumph, "Telling stories of their dead king and his greatness, his glory, praising him for heroic deeds, for a life as noble as his name." Sir Gawain on the other hand ...

Essay and Art Essay

In the essay Pablo Picasso: Living in His Own Shadow, author Ellen Goodman uses fact, emotion and personal experience to illustrate the cycles of creating and aging, living in the limelight and passing on the torch. Goodman captures the sadness and the beauty of being replaced or falling out of fame while using Picasso and his works as an example of how even the most talented of persons must succumb to limitation. Goodman makes a point that some artists graciously recognize when it is time to cease their works but others persist despite the fact that their prime has passed. According to Goodman, Pablo Picasso represents the limitations in which we all must recognize but also the beauty in rebellion and persistence. Goodman juxtaposes Picasso against many famous people who like Picasso grew old and eventually had to admit that they could no longer perform at peak performance. â€Å"It is said that when Picasso was a teenager, his artist-father gave the boy his own palette, brushers and colors, and never painted again, (LoRocco & Coughlin, 1995, p. 198).† This actually seems to be factual. When Picasso was 13-years-old his father gave up painting admitting that his son had surpassed him in skill, (Pablo Picasso, n.d.). It is interesting that Goodman introduced the essay using this example considering the entire essay is about artists and well known figures who did not step out of the spotlight when their time was due.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"We feel sad that Joe DiMaggio sells coffee makers and uncomfortable that Willie Mays ‘stayed too long.’ Few of us know how to deal with the man or woman who ‘used to be’ somebody, (LoRocco & Coughlin, p. 199).† Goodman describes her personal feelings when reviewing Picasso’s work at an art exhibit. She states that although Picasso was an exceptional artist at every age his later work is lacking in many ways. Goodman uses her observations to express sympathy toward Picasso as opposed to disdain for his later works. â€Å"Yet as we wandered through the last thirty years of his life, you could see it all slip. The exhibit kindly excludes the commercial peace doves and greeting card poster art of the last few years. But still, it is easy to see the versatility turning frenetic – the search turning downhill. There is even a sense that perhaps he began to imitate himself – not just create but to create ‘Picasso,’ (LoRocco & Coughlin, p. 198).† In essence Goodman shows contempt for Joe DiMaggio and Willie Mays yet for Picasso Goodman expresses a sense of being perplexed and full of wonder, similar to her response to other artists including Frank Sinatra and Tennessee Williams. â€Å"It is something I have thought before. I’ve though of it whenever Tennessee Williams turns up in the news, alive but rarely well, writing poorly in comparison to his own brilliant retrospectives. I’ve thought of it when Frank Sinatra goes on stage, all blue eyes and strained vocal cords. They are pale versions of themselves, (LoRocco & Coughlin, p. 198).† But was Picasso a â€Å"pale version† of himself? According to Goodman there was a sense of grace and rebellion in the fact that Picasso worked until his death. â€Å"There is something, not sad but remarkable, in this refusal to ‘act his age,’ or retire gracefully. Surrounded by his own collection of his favorite cubist work, he must have known his limits. But out of compulsion or conviction he kept working.† It is true that Picasso worked rigorously until his death. â€Å"Death holds no fear for me,’ Picasso recently told a friend. ‘It holds a kind of beauty. What I am afraid of is falling ill and not being able to work. That’s lost time, (Time, 1973,  ¶ 1).† Picasso, as opposed to Mays and DiMaggio, did not work to make extra funds doing something which reminds us of their failing talents, like sell coffeemakers, Picasso worked to work. He created for the enjoyment of creating. His final work may have been pale in comparison to the masterpieces of his youth but as Goodman points out everything in life pales in comparison with youth. â€Å"Living in your own shadow is a problem of aging athletes and beautiful women and artists and actors and, to an extent, all of us, (LoRocco & Coughlin, 1995, p. 198).† Goodman’s experience at the exhibit for Picasso’s art left her contemplating what it would be like to find oneself living in a world where the past constantly haunts the present. She expresses the sadness of this by using examples of other artists and athletes who have made history and then faced limitations. But living with ones past is part of life and the limitations associated with aging do not have to be stifling. â€Å"Creation,’ Picasso said. ‘Is the only thing that interests me, (LoRocco & Coughlin, 1995, p. 199).† This statement must have been true for Picasso, who spent his entire life creating despite the fact that his later years are not defined as his most influencial in terms of artistic expression. References LoRocco, C., & Coughlin, J. (1995). The Art of Work: An Anthology of Workplace Literature (1st Edition ed.). : Glencoe/McGraw Hill. Pablo Picasso. (n.d.). Retrieved Jan. 4, 2009, from Wikipedia: www.wikipedia.com Time, H. (1973, April 23, 1973). Pablo Picasso’s Last Days and Final Journey. Time Magazine, .

Balloon Angioplasty Essay

Introduction: Angioplasty is a technique that broadens a narrow or congested blood vessel using a inflatable catheter. It is used to treat atherosclerosis (blood vessel impediments), and regularly made by an interventional cardiologist, a medical doctor with distinctive training in the handling of the heart, using invasive catheter-based measures. Angioplasty is frequently achieved as a minimally-invasive technique, where a stent is implanted into the blood vessel to preserve it open. A conceivable substitute to heart surgery, it has dependably been shown to diminution indications due to coronary artery disease and decrease cardiac ischemia. Procedure: 1. An introducer pointer is entrenched into the femoral artery in the leg. 2. A sheath introducer is placed in the opening to preserve the artery uncluttered and controller hemorrhage. 3. A controller drain is then strapped through the sheath introducer. Colorants can be inoculated through the guide catheter into the coronary artery to pinpoint and study the polluted artery using x-ray. 4. After reviewing the x-ray image, the cardiologist chooses the type of balloon catheter and plastic coronary guide wire that will be used. 5. The elastic coronary guide rope with radiopaque plastic tip is then introduced into the supervisory catheter and into the coronary artery. 6. Watching through x-ray imaging display, the cardiologist directors the flexible coronary guide wire through the coronary artery to the site of the obstruction. 7. When the stretchy guide wire reaches the obstruction, it is then strapped across the obstacle. 8. A hollow-tipped balloon catheter is then interleaved, using t he plastic guide wire as a conduit to the site of the impasse. At this point, the balloon is still collapsed. 9. After the balloon catheter spreads and is strapped inside the obstruction, the balloon is then exaggerated. Inflating the balloon increases the area about it and bandages the plaque accumulation (blockage). The exaggerated balloon also enlarges the artery wall. 10. A stent (wire mesh tube) occasionally is surrounded to keep the artery wall prolonged. The stent originally is implanted along with the balloon catheter, increases when the balloon is magnified, and left behind in the lengthened position as the balloon catheter is detached. For certain  people, heart disease cure can be accomplished without operation. Angioplasty is a non-surgical technique that can be used to open congested heart arteries. Stent appointment is another option that can be done throughout angioplasty. 11. The technique is achieved in the cardiac catheterization workroom by a dedicated cardiologist and a squad of cardiovascular nurses and specialists. Cardiac catheterization is achieved as part of angioplasty. Next, a sheath is implanted into an artery — regularly in your groin, but occasionally in the arm. A long, thin, hollow tube, called a catheter, is accepted through the cover and directed up the blood vessel to the arteries nearby the heart. A minor quantity of difference material is injected through the catheter and is cracked with an X-ray as it changes through the heart’s hollows, valves, and chief containers. From the cardinal movies of the difference material, the clinicians can tell whether the coronary veins are narrowing and whether the heart valves are active properly. There are abundant sorts of interventional procedures as below: Balloon angioplasty: During this process, a specially intended catheter with a small balloon tip is directed to the point of contraction in the artery. Stent:   A stent is a tiny metal mesh tube that acts as a scaffold to deliver support privileged your coronary artery. A balloon catheter, positioned over a guide wire, is used to supplement the stent into the lessened coronary artery. Once in dwelling, the balloon tip is exaggerated and the stent enlarges to the size of the artery and grips it open. The balloon is then collapsed and detached while the stent stays in dwelling enduringly. Over a several-week dated, your artery heals around the stent. Stents are usually placed during interventional events such as angioplasty to help retain the coronary artery exposed. Some stents comprise medication and are intended to decrease the risk of obstruction (restenosis). Atherectomy: The catheter used in this technique has a hollow chamber on the tip with an open space on one adjacent and a balloon on the other. When the catheter is introduced into the pointed artery, the balloon is exaggerated, assertive the window in contradiction of the fatty material. An edge within the cylinder alternates and shears off any fat that projected into the window.  The shavings are caught in a hollow within the catheter and detached. This procedure is recurrent as wanted to permit for better blood flow. Cutting Balloon: The cutting inflatable catheter has a singular balloon tip with small blades. When the inflatable is inflated, the razorblades are triggered. The small edges score the panel, and then the balloon wrappings the fatty material into the artery wall. Mechanics of Balloon Fabrication Angioplasty balloons, such as those described above, are fabricated by first designing a tube that is extruded in certain dimensions. This tube is then crystallized so that only a small length is left amorphous, and then the tube is free-blown into a balloon in a machine designed for that purpose. Lastly, the balloon is heat-set. All of these processes are carefully controlled in order to achieve a balloon that meets the necessary standards.

Personal Subject Pronouns in Spanish

Personal Subject Pronouns in Spanish Spanish pronouns are usually used much like their English counterparts. The biggest difference is that subject pronouns (ones used to tell who or what is performing the action of the main verb in a sentence) can be omitted where theyre required in English. In other words, subject pronouns in Spanish are used primarily for clarity or emphasis. The 12 Personal Subject Pronouns of Spanish yo - Ità º - you (singular familiar)usted - you (singular formal)à ©l, ella - he, shenosotros, nosotras - wevosotros, vosotras - you (plural familiar)ustedes - you (plural formal)ellos, ellas - they These are called personal subject pronouns to distinguish them from the demonstrative pronouns, the equivalent of words such as this and those. There is also a subject pronoun ello, which can be the rough equivalent of it, but it is rarely used. Note that even though à ©l, ella, ellos, and ellas usually refer to people or animals, they can on occasion refer to inanimate objects, with the pronoun matching the grammatical gender of the object or objects being referred to. Vosotros and vosotras are seldom used in most of Latin America, where ustedes can be used even when talking with close friends or children. How To Use or Omit Subject Pronouns Because verb conjugation often suggests who or what the subject of a sentence is, one can properly leave out the subject pronoun or put it at various places in the sentence. Voy a la escuela, yo voy a la escuela, voy yo a la escuela, and voy a la escuela yo are all grammatically correct ways of saying I am going to the school (although the final option would be highly uncommon except if said for poetic effect). But the placement of the pronoun can make a difference in how the sentence is understood. To see how these pronouns are used, examine the sentences below. Subject pronouns, where used, are in boldface: Mi hermano es muy inteligente. Es doctor. (My brother is intelligent. He  is a doctor.) - No subject pronoun is needed in the second sentence, because the subject of the sentence is made clear by the context and the verb form.Mis mejores amigos se llaman Roberto, Ahmad y Suzanne. Son estudiantes. (My best friends are Roberto, Ahmad, and Suzanne. They are students.) - The pronoun is unnecessary in the second Spanish sentence and normally wouldnt be used becauses it is clear who is being referred to.Es fcil comprender el libro. (It is easy to understand the book.) - No pronoun is used to translate an impersonal use of it.Mi hermano y su esposa son inteligentes. Él es doctor, y ella es abogada. (My brother and his wife are intelligent. He is a doctor, and she is a lawyer.) - In this case, the subject pronouns à ©l and ella are used  for clarity.Tà º, ella y yo vamos al cine. (You, she,  and I are going to the movies.) - Note that in this construction the first-person pl ural form of the verb (the one that would be used with the equivalent of we) is used. Thus it is possible to use that verb form without using the pronoun nosotros. Hazlo. (Do it.) Hazlo tà º. (You do it.) - In a command such as this, the addition of the subject often has a similar effect to its use in English. Although grammatically not necessary, the addition of the subject serves to place additional emphasis on the subject.Ella canta bien. (She sings well.) Canta bien ella. She sings well. - The pronoun would be used in the first sentence if theres no context to clearly indicate who is being talked about. By placing ella at the end of the second sentence, the speaker is placing a strong emphasis on the pronoun. The emphasis in the second sentence is on the singer and not the singing. ¿Vas a salir? (Are you leaving?)  ¿Vas a salir tà º? (Are you leaving?) - The first sentence is a simple, uninflected question. But the second one, by adding the subject at the end of sentence, is placing a strong emphasis on the person leaving. One possible translation might be Are even you leaving? Or one might render the English as Are you leaving? wi th a stress or emphasis on you. Nunca va ella al centro. (She never goes downtown.) Ya ha salido à ©l. (He has already left.) - It is common when certain adverbs start a sentence to immediately follow the adverb with the verb, followed by the subject. No special emphasis on the subject is intended. Adverbs often used this way include nunca, ya, bastante, and quizs.- Te amo, dijo à ©l. - Tambià ©n te amo, respondià ³ ella. (I love you, he said. I love you too, she responded.) - When reporting what people have said, it is common to use the subject pronoun after verbs such as decir (to say), preguntar (to ask), and responder (to reply). No special emphasis on the speaker is intended. (Note: The dashes in the Spanish sentences are a type of quotation mark.)

Free Essays on Aesthetics

Aesthetics: Playing a Big Role In today’s American society, aesthetics is the main topic on every graphic designers mind. The dictionary defines it as â€Å"Of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste†, or â€Å"A guiding principle in matters of artistic beauty and taste†. Aesthetics is remaking commerce, culture, and consciousness according to Virginia Postrel, an economics columnist for the New York Times. She writes that biologically humans are visual, tactile beings that respond to our environment. Also, she discusses how we are now creating a society of aesthetics with â€Å"plenitude and pluralism†, only because of the reasons like travel, education, immigration, and media. Her whole big point on aesthetics is that she states, â€Å"People are eager to pay Starbucks for more than coffee – for a sensory environment that pleases more than just their palates†. She is basically saying that Demand does create supply, but actually supply can also create dema nd. Postrel also goes on to talk about the breakdown of â€Å"cultural homogeneity† in the 60s, and how now it is helping aesthetics by the rising incomes and falling prices of today’s market world. She states that household income has increased and families have gotten smaller, which makes more for income with further spending room. In economics, the information that we have does not say that aesthetics help with the quality of life, but that we are overstressing inflation and thinking about the economy’s real output of value. Postrel sums it up best with, â€Å"Aesthetics, shows rather than tells, delights rather that instructs. The effects are immediate, perceptual and emotional. They are not cognitive, although we may analyze them after the fact.† She goes on to talk about how Aesthetics is a way of identity, including aesthetic identity. Choice and desire, is what I believe makes it all happen. Aesthetics can change a lot of things in our life, and it coul... Free Essays on Aesthetics Free Essays on Aesthetics Aesthetics: Playing a Big Role In today’s American society, aesthetics is the main topic on every graphic designers mind. The dictionary defines it as â€Å"Of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste†, or â€Å"A guiding principle in matters of artistic beauty and taste†. Aesthetics is remaking commerce, culture, and consciousness according to Virginia Postrel, an economics columnist for the New York Times. She writes that biologically humans are visual, tactile beings that respond to our environment. Also, she discusses how we are now creating a society of aesthetics with â€Å"plenitude and pluralism†, only because of the reasons like travel, education, immigration, and media. Her whole big point on aesthetics is that she states, â€Å"People are eager to pay Starbucks for more than coffee – for a sensory environment that pleases more than just their palates†. She is basically saying that Demand does create supply, but actually supply can also create dem and. Postrel also goes on to talk about the breakdown of â€Å"cultural homogeneity† in the 60s, and how now it is helping aesthetics by the rising incomes and falling prices of today’s market world. She states that household income has increased and families have gotten smaller, which makes more for income with further spending room. In economics, the information that we have does not say that aesthetics help with the quality of life, but that we are overstressing inflation and thinking about the economy’s real output of value. Postrel sums it up best with, â€Å"Aesthetics, shows rather than tells, delights rather that instructs. The effects are immediate, perceptual and emotional. They are not cognitive, although we may analyze them after the fact.† She goes on to talk about how Aesthetics is a way of identity, including aesthetic identity. Choice and desire, is what I believe makes it all happen. Aesthetics can change a lot of things in our life, an d it coul...

Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plagiarism - Essay Example It is considered as serious offence in academic area and students found in doing plagiarism can face severe punishment. It can be from failing grade in assignment to failing grade in that particular course. In worst case of repeated plagiarism by the students, can leads to suspension/expulsion or revoking of degree and awards. Nowadays, plagiarism is very easier as it is very easy to find information using internet. For avoiding plagiarism, one must give credit for another persons’ ideas and opinion; provide correct source for facts, statistics, graphs, drawing and images ; and provide proper citations for quoting and paraphrasing of actual spoken or written words (Plagiarism: What It is and How to Recognize and Avoid It). Three important steps for avoiding plagiarism are using as many citations for supporting ideas, improving note-taking skills and using the appropriate style manual for style use (The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill). Taking carefully note and properly acknowledging or giving the source of the information is the best way of avoiding the plagiarism in online microbiology

Leadership Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Leadership - Coursework Example As opposed to these, there are modern theories and these are; style, trait and situational leadership theories. Style theory focuses on the adoption of one style of management. This is based upon the manager’s position as far as initiating consideration and structures are concerned. There were three styles of leadership brought forward under this, laissez-fair, democratic and autocratic leadership styles. Trait theory, on the other hand, is said to have been highly popular in the 1900s. Up to the 1950s, this theory formed the major factor when it came to the persons who would become leaders as regards the organization of criminal justice. The theory forms its basis on a major assumption that all good leaders have particular traits that poor leaders lack. The third and the last theory is that of situational leadership. This theory recognizes that a work place is a form of complex setting, which is faced with various rapid changes. Thus, it would be inadequate and ineffective if one style of management is applied in these differing situations. Therefore, the most apt way to lead is reliant on the current situation. (McKinney, 2008) There are three different modern strategies. These are; style, trait and situational leadership theories. Style theory focuses on the adoption of one style of management. This is based upon the manager’s position as far as initiating consideration and structures are concerned. There were three styles of leadership brought forward under this, laissez-fair, democratic and autocratic leadership styles. Trait theory, on the other hand, is said to have been highly popular in the 1900s. Up to the 1950s, this theory formed the major factor when it came to the persons who would become leaders as regards the organization of criminal justice. The theory forms its basis on a major assumption that all good leaders have particular traits that poor leaders lack. The third and the last theory is that of situational

Mintzbergs Planning and Positioning Schools Essay

Mintzbergs Planning and Positioning Schools - Essay Example Aspects addressed include Steiner model of strategic planning, planning hierarchies, and Mintzberg’s 7 deadly sins of strategic planning. Steiner is recognized for coming up with a model that outlines the structure and process of strategic planning in a systematic way (Steiner, 1979). He pointed out that the process of strategic planning should be a collective responsibility of all managers in all managerial levels within an organization. Steiner’s model outlines the assessment of expectations of key outside interest, assessment of expectations of key inside interest, examining past performance, and current performance and future forecast. The model also outlines the evaluation of environmental opportunities and threats, organizational strengths and weaknesses, assembling of master strategy as composed of mission, purposes, objectives, policies, and program strategies. Steiner’s model provides organizations with strategies on competitive advantage over their rivals, which is not elaborate in other models. The other strength is its emphasis on a plan, which calls for commitment from top management (Steiner, 1979). Planning can be effected through corporate, business and departmental hierarchical levels. Planning at the corporate level entails selection of businesses in which the organization should compete. It also deals with the development and coordination of a corporate level portfolio. Planning at the corporate level focuses on defining corporate responsibilities, determining the center for competition, management of business units, and identifying the overall goal of an organization (Simerson, 2011). Planning at the business unit level concentrates on the functioning of operating units, as well as developing a competitive advantage for goods and services rendered by an organization. This entails placing the organization against its rivals, speculating on future changes, and influencing the

A Historical Look at U.S. GAAP Essay Example for Free

A Historical Look at U.S. GAAP Essay ABSTRACT This paper discusses the historical development of generally accepted accounting principles through its contributing sources from 1930 to the present. U.S. Businesses had been using double entry accounting since the 1800s yet no uniform accounting practices had been introduced until the American Institute of Accountants (AIA) recommended to the New York Stock Exchange in 1932, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ five broad principles of accounting which have won fairly general acceptance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , (Zeff, 2005, para. 4). In which, the terms â€Å"fairly present† and â€Å"in accordance with† were first used followed up with â€Å"generally accepted accounting principles†. Later, a sixth principle was approved. These recommendations were based on the three assumptions that all business transactions were apart from the business owner, all transaction currencies measured in the US dollar, the assumption of time and the matching principle. Thus establishing a foundation of which all future accounting principles are based. The AIA formed the Committee on Accounting Procedures (CAP) to publish Accounting Research Bulletins (ARB) on GAAP under the authority of the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) created by the Securities Act of 1934. The CAP was later reorganized into the Accounting Principles Board (APB) that issued Opinions between 1959 and 1973. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has been the source for private sector generally accepted accounting principles since 1973. Input by the private sector has been crucial to the development of GAAP since 1930. Historically, GAAP is influenced by the business condition and public interest. The Great Depression left the public with little faith in the private sector. Although the knowledge and experience of businesses would be consulted for standards; businesses were not trusted to set and regulate accounting standards. A common practice in the 1920s was to adjust asset values upward to the highest market value arguably misleading investors prior to the 1929 crash (Zeff, 2005, para. 10). In response, CAP and the SEC strongly mandated historical cost accounting as the acceptable basis of reporting. Shortly after, the U.S. was brought into WWII directing the CAP’s focus to issues pertaining to war time accounting. In addition, the CAP addressed the issues of the exclusion of unrealized profit from income, the use of capital surplus to offset losses, and notes and accounts receivable from officers, employees, and affiliated companies. The most notable item during the CAP’s tenure summed up was its ARBs issued in response to congress’s decision permitting companies to use the LIFO inventory method. This was a rare instance that tax policy influenced GAAP and was initially directed to companies purchasing natural metals because the FIFO method was equated to higher income taxes due to the time lapse between the asset’s acquisition and sale (Zeff, 2005). The method was available to all industries in 1939. While CAP was praised for addressing questionable reporting practices prior to the crash; it was mostly labeled as weak by critics for failing to set a uniform accounting framework to mitigate comparability issues. At the advice of the AIA, now known as the AICPA, the Accounting Principles Board replaced the CAP. ARB 43 was quickly published to restate all Accounting Research Bulletins and eliminate any superseded ARBs. The research driven APB published 31 opinions. The first few answered reporting questions regarding the investment credit per the Revenue Act of 1962 allotting businesses a credit for a â€Å"†¦specified percentage of the cost of certain depreciable assets placed into service after 1961† (FASB, 1962, para.1). The board concluded that the credit may be recorded as an offset to net income over the asset’s life or as a reduction in acquisition cost during the period it occurred. This is important because it is a conceptual precursor to today’s section 179 and bonus depreciation credits of which most small and medium sized businesses depend on and consider when determining capital investments. All opinions regarding credits and other tax reporting issues were later superseded by the FASB’s statement number 109, Accounting for Income Tax. Many of the APB’s remaining opinions dealt with emerging issues brought about by the postindustrial economy. For instance, the board developed guidelines for intangible assets such as goodwill, the equity method of accounting for common stock, accounting for employee stock options, the reporting of extraordinary items in the income statement, and set the criteria to use pooling of interest or the purchase method in business combinations. The most controversial accomplishment of the APB was its 1970 publication Basic Concepts and Accounting Principles Underlying Financial Statements of Business Enterprises. The board’s issuance of this as a non-authoritative â€Å"standard† rather than opinion was met with negative criticism as it failed to commit to any conceptual framework solutions and reaffirmed the fundamental disagreement among members on this topic. The board was soon after dissolved and replaced by the FASB with new, independent members in 1973. Nearly all APB Opinions were superseded by FASB statements (FAS) at different points in time. The FASB remains the authoritative source for private sector accounting practices today. The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 restated the FASB’s position in setting accounting standards. The FASB does not have the authority to enforce standards. The responsibility has always been with managers to prepare and file financial statements in accordance to GAAP with the SEC. Auditors, overseen by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), issue opinions on the conformity and accuracy of the financial statements. The role of auditors has become increasingly crucial in the post Enron era. The FASB remains committed to addressing any deficiencies in the reporting process and meeting regularly with the PCAOB and SEC to prevent future financial disasters. Probably the most serious issues to date addressed by the FASB resulted from the subprime mortgage crisis and the subsequent financial crisis of 2008. According to Leslie Seidman (2011), chairman of the FASB, high profile controversy relating to the determination of the fair value of assets and liabilities in an illiquid market prompted the issuance of FAS 157, Fair Value Measurements. Effective November 2007, the standard expanded disclosure for fair value measurements and included changes in fair value practice â€Å"†¦ for certain entities† (FASB, 2006, para. 1). The FAS 133 released in January 2008 provided new and additional guidance on derivatives and designated a team within the FASB to assist with statement implementation. The FASB works to â€Å"harmonize† the previously mentioned standards and all others with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Discussion of international accounting principles has occurred for decades and an International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) has existed since 1973. It was not until the 1990s when globalization motivated the FASB to deliberate a strategic plan for international activities. In 2002, the FASB and IASB started collaborating to â€Å"converge† US GAAP and International Accounting Standards. A memorandum of understanding was released by the two boards in 2006 and amended in 2008. In 2011, the FASB sent a letter to the IFRS Foundation Trustees describing its views on many key issues. The FASB continues to balance long term IASB projects with its work on issues relating to US GAAP. REFERENCES Financial Accounting Standards Board. (1962). APB 2: Accounting for the â€Å"Investment Credit†. Retrieved from http://www.fasb.org/cs/BlobServer?blobkey=idblobwhere=1175820900137blobheader=application%2Fpdfblobcol=urldatablobtable=MungoBlobs Financial Accounting Standards Board. (2006). Summary of Statement No. 157. Fair Value Measurements. Retrieved from http://www.fasb.org/summary/stsum157.shtml Financial Accounting Standards Board. (2012). International Convergence of Accounting Standards –Overview. IASB-FASB Update Report. Retrieved from http://www.fasb.org/jsp/FASB/Page/SectionPagecid=1176156245663 Seidman, L.F. â€Å"The Role of the Accounting Profession in Preventing Another Financial Crisis.† U.S. Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Subcommittee on Securities, Insurance, and Investment [Testimony]. FASB. April 6, 2011. Zeff, S. A. (2005). The Evolution of U.S. GAAP: The Political Forces behind Professional Standards. The CPA Joural, Retrieved fro m http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/2005/105/infocus/p18.htm

One Day Ill Meet Someone :: Personal Narrative Writing

All right. I'm bitter. I seem to always be in this state lately, but never more so than after the weekend I've just had. I spent about half a year thinking that I was in love with one of my closest friends, and in the space of about ten minutes he completely obliterated any respect I had for him, while destroying my own self-image in the process. So I've been friends with this guy for about four years now, and we've been pretty decent friends for most of that time. But in the past year or so, we have gotten much closer. About six months ago, I suddenly had the revelation that I was in love with him. And it was perfect, I thought, because we were so close, and I respected him so much, and we got along so well together, blah blah blah. It didn't matter that he is kinda fat, or not very good looking, or that he has no sense of humor, or that most of my friends don't like him. All that mattered was I knew that deep down he is a good person with a good heart, not to mention smart, honest, and responsible, all qualities I admire in a man. Not to mention the fact that I totally believe that friendships make a good foundation for a relationship, and that my ex-boyfriend was and is still one of my closest friends. So my feelings for this guy grew stronger while getting to know him better over the past year. Although none of my friends thought he was good enough for me (even the ones who are also friends with him), I would defend him, even when he was rude or acted like a jerk, because I knew he really was a good person at heart. Finally, after many months of not getting any response from him and wondering if I should tell him how I felt, I decided it was time to get over him. I was sick of waiting for him to wake up and see me, and I was too scared to say anything about how I felt. I went out with another guy, but it didn't work out and then I realized that I was never going to let go of him until I had some sort of closure, however lame that sounds. Late one night after a disastrous date, I saw him online and IM'ed him.

The Mayflower Compact

Morison’s quote does not diminish the importance of early documents such as The Mayflower Compact. It only puts it in context of part of a larger process that began with the English settlement of North America. The compact did not create a plan for Democracy. It did, however, establish a theoretical framework that would grow over the succeeding centuries. In 1620 the Pilgrims created a document of self-governance. It was meant to foster a better society, if only within their small colony. It was a combination of religious ideals and ideals of freedom. The Mayflower Compact was not a constitution. It did, however, implant ideas that would be central to the creation of a new and prosperous nation The Origins When the Pilgrims sailed for North America, nothing was assured. They were taking a tremendous risk with their lives. Past settlements had been decimated by weather, disease and Indian attacks. Despite the hardships, the settlers saw the new world as a great opportunity. Many were fleeing from religious persecution in Europe. While they remained loyal to the King of England, the fact was that the new settlers were far from his direct control. Some on board the Mayflower saw this as a chance to form a better and more just government. The Mayflower had landed far north of Virginia, its original destination. The settlers knew they were beyond the control of the Virginia Company. They would have to make do on their own. Knowing that past settlements had failed because of a lack of coherent government, the settlers took steps to remedy the problem. In 1620, they wrote the Mayflower compact. It was a basic theory of government. The settlers past experiences with religion and various forms of persecution influenced the document. The theory of government stated in the Mayflower Compact would, in time, become the prevailing model for a democratic society. The compact begins by paying homage to the King, but goes on to spell out the ideas of freedom that form the bedrock of American culture. The Ideals The signers of the Mayflower compact were Puritan separatists. For pragmatic reasons they recognized the King of England. They were primarily concerned, however, with staying in the good graces of God. They brought with them a unique combination of experiences and motives. The Puritans wanted a society more in accordance with their religion. However, they also had experienced the pain of religious persecution. They innately understood the danger of an all-powerful government. While they were firm in their religious beliefs, they wanted to limit how much those beliefs were written into future laws. The result was a local government based on social contract. It was pragmatic, given the small size of the colony. Everyone had to work together for survival. It was also idealistic in its aims. The social contract was not a new idea, but the settlement of America gave the first opportunity to use it on a large scale. The social contract was necessary to encourage further settlements that could survive away from a central government. The Mayflower Compact created a theoretical template to do this. The Pilgrims called their creation a â€Å"civil body politik† (Dahl, 2000). Its purpose was to enact just laws that would benefit the colony as a whole. The Plymouth colony eventually succeeded. Other colonies adopted the ideas of the Mayflower Compact, and the social contract became the primary form of government in America. The Lasting Impact Here was a unanimous and personal assent by all the individuals of the community to the association by which they became a nation. John Adams, 1802 (from The Pilgrim Hall Museum, 1998) The Mayflower Compact started a process by which democracy took root in America. Success breeds success. The Plymouth colony provided an example that people can thrive by essentially ruling themselves. The feeling that the colonists didn’t need an all-powerful king set in over the first hundred years of European colonization. The eventual products of this feeling were the Declaration of Independence and the new United States Constitution. The society that sprung from the Mayflower Compact made room for the wide variety of people that would come to America in future years. Freedom encouraged ever more immigration, and democracy was strengthened. The Mayflower Compact itself was not a blueprint for democracy. It did, however, plant the seeds of freedom with self-restraint. That idea is central to American democracy. Sources Dahl, Robert A. (2000). On democracy. New Haven: Yale University Press. Eldredge, Laurence H. (1968). Men, laws and government: some reflections on the Mayflower Compact. Philadelphia: Society of Colonial Wars in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Pilgrim Hall Museum. (1998). Later Significance of the Mayflower Compact. Retrieved 2/6/2006 from: http://www.pilgrimhall.org/compcon.htm The Society of Mayflower Descendents. (2002). The Mayflower Compact. Retrieved 2/6/2006 from: http://www.ctmayflower.org/mayflower_compact.php Wishing, Lee. (2004). Thankful for a Fourth Grade Play. Retrieved 2/6/2006 from: http://gccsavvior.com/VISION_&_VALUES_CONCISE_Thankful _for_a_Fourth_Grade_Play.php?view_all=            

Case Study: What Is Up with Wall Street?

NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Demetrice S. Campbell | | MGT7019-8| Douglas Buck| | | Ethics in Business| #3 Paper- Case study: What is Up With Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray| | | Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor.The known submission of another person’s work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. ————————————————- ————————————————- ——â €”—————————————- Faculty Use Only ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- lt;Faculty Name> Running Head: What Is Up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray What is up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray Demetrice S. Campbell Ethics in Business November 11, 2012 Abstract Case Study of Goldman Sachs What is up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray was a case study focused on the company Goldman Sachs and the unfolding of a horrible decision that affected the economic structure of our bank ing system, stock shares, and the government.Their strategies to make a more successful business, ended with them being greedy for more money and success. These strategies lead to questions of their ethical standards in their business practices. The company was founded by Marcus Goldman and Samuel Sachs in 1869 (Jennings, 2012). The company was supposed to provide loans to small businesses, but instead Goldman wanted to do investments. Greed caused the company to turn a blind eye to what was really going on and this resulted in several downfalls for the company and others involved.The 1929 market crash was one result of the company’s practices. Rather than doing what was right, Goldman and Sachs just carried on running into many walls. The problem to be investigated is the ethical standards of the company in relation to their investors and the price they pay. Introduction The problem to be investigated here is the ethical standards of the company in relation to their investor s and the price they pay. In the corporate world, business ethics are very important and can be costly. Sometimes ethics can be over looked to motivate people.Ethics should be important elements of our day to day functions. It is important to realize the importance of business ethics if you want your business to grow. This could have a positive or negative impact on the productivity of the company. Business ethics are made up of a lot of subjective topics. Some people think that business ethics are comparative. There are many things that businesses take part in that can be seen as gray area. Gray areas are situations in which the rules are not clear, or you are not sure what is right or wrong.Key items include lying and false representation. Goldman may have committed both these behaviors just to have greed and a successful company. Things that Goldman did that would be in the gray area include: a. Sophisticated Investor–by definition, it is to escape full disclosure to its c lients. Goldman made offerings to sophisticated investors, but failed to tell the whole story and their position in the investment or the market. Since then, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act has better clarified the definition to prevent firms from withholding information b.Analysts and two opinions—He failed to follow the rules on the consistency between the analysts’ internal conversations and their communications and the external recommendations of the SEC rules require because it was for a particular group as strategists. The rules did not apply if their name did not have the word analyst in it. c. Auction rate securities—it took state law to come up with a settlement of these problems. The SEC had difficulties applying regulations and laws to this behavior of bidding up the price and then not buying.The clients were not aware that Goldman was bidding on the securities. Goldman’s response as well as some others was that there was always investmen t houses bidding in such auctions. d. IPO allocation and structure of the market—this also was eventually settled, but not without the insistent small fines and new rules on IPO allocations and agreements between the clients on second-wave agreements to buy more. e. IPO profitability changes prior to IPO—Goldman failed to share that the steady drift from three years of profit to one year then down to one quarter.This was sort of a unique legal problem in regards to the profitability standard to one quarter because the financials were available on the dot-coms for the investors to see. Nothing was being disclosed. f. Partnership to corporation structure—When Goldman decided to change from partnership to a corporation, this shielded them from being liable, where as being the principals, you put it all on the line. The move to a corporation with limited liability resulted in riskier practices taken by the firm.Goldman was guilty creating a company and buying 90 per cent of the shares with its own money. This practice made the public want in on the deal not knowing they were being misled. This allowed him to sell the shares he bought for more money; while he buys more shares on the secondary market and causes the share prices to increase. He then turned around and used his money to create another corporation. (Jennings, 2012) Goldman was also engaged in laddering, which is an agreement between Goldman and its best clients for the distribution of a portion of the IPO at a reestablished price.However, under a laddering arrangement, those clients also had to agree to purchase a certain number of shares later during the IPO rollout at a price of $10 to $15 higher. (Jennings, 2012) Goldman also participated in auction-rate markets. He gave loans to executive members in exchange for shares. Many of the issues included the nondisclosure of facts that an investor would have deemed very important in making their investment decisions. Goldman and Sachs w ere guilty of false impression, simply because the investors were not aware of their position in the market.There is also the point of moral vulnerability and how allowing AIG to be bailed out provided a cover for Mr. Goldman and his sneaky business practices. Then there is the â€Å"too big to fail† issue, this is important because the investors were the one who lost money, not Goldman. He was protected. The front page of the newspaper test was a winner in this case because the headlines did not prove to be flattering for Goldman. The Senator’s questions reflected the struggle of the people who were trying to understand how and what Mr.Goldman had done complied to the law, but still come across as a deceptive practice. The law is only one part of the ethical analysis. Goldman failed to think through the consequences of additional regulations, the fines that would be involved, and the clients because of the perception that he could not be trusted and may not always be acting in the best interest of the client. There areas affected by the Goldman model and gray areas include: investors, the market, the U. S. conomy and the global economy, AIG, AIG investors, employees of AIG and other companies and investment banks that had to be dissolved or acquired or reduced in size, employees of dot-coms, beneficiaries of donations by companies and investment bankers, nonprofits also were affected because they had their endowment funds invested, real estate markets because of the impact in value, all those affected by a slump in the real estate market including real estate agents and brokers, contractors, furniture and window covering companies, decorators, landscapers. A little of everything was affected by these strategies and gray areas.Some of the people that were effect by Goldman’s decisions were his clients as well as some of the top employees, such as Lloyd Blankfein. (Jennings, 2012) Investors thought they were going to receive money on their purchase. No employee or officer should take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts, or any other illegal trade practice. (Jennings, 2012) The main factors that contributed to the way that the employees, executives, traders, and advisers made their decisions were money and political power.The idea of being â€Å"Filthy rich by 40,† and the enticement is what produced so many millionaires so early in their lives. Many companies are cutting back on their financial-incentive programs, but there are many things that can be used to motivate employees. Goldman worked â€Å"toes to the line† culture, always looking to find the next big loophole available. The culture was also, â€Å"If it is legal, then it is ethical†; which is not always the case. (Jennings, 2012) Goldman’s behaviors are a typical image of Carr’s theories. (Jennings, 2012) Could it be bluffing of Goldman to not reveal their positions or were they just tricking innocent people?Not everybody is aware and knowledgeable of the rules of the Wall Street. The larger investment bankers clearly were aware because of their own involvement in IPOs to auction securities to their structuring of the CDOs. However, these investments made their way to the retail level where the knowledge base was nonexistent. Goldman and others believed them to be sophisticated investors by definition and it was unnecessary to share. However, that definition has now changed and more disclosure is required because they obviously did not understand the double positions.This is saying that the culture that existed at Goldman before will stay the same. The drive to be successful and the fact that Goldman does not feel that its client base will be affected is why things will go on as business as usual. In other words, Goldman emerges with a fine but little remorse and a plan to go forward with the status quo. It does not seem as if any lessons were learned. Compare & Contrast Senator Collins has made clear that there was no legal fiduciary duty, but she questioned whether Goldman needed to act in its clients’ best interests as an issue of good business practice.The discussion states, Goldman struggled with that answer and could only come to the conclusion that it was â€Å"an interesting idea. † Goldman had a mentality that only the strong can survive in the markets. However, he did not take into account that with new regulations and the changes in the market; he could no longer engage in those legally gray areas and would be obligated to compete on a different foundation other than his normal loopholes Conclusion Business ethics are very important to have but sometimes they can conflict with personal ethics.Owning a business can be a risky task. You have to make the decision of what is more important to you, is it the money that drives you or the will to do what is right and ethical. Goldman was not producing but he trick the investors into giving money without every showing anything. This is a very common thing that most investors never realize until they have lost millions of dollars. References Jennings, M. (2012). Business ethics: Case studies and selected readings. (7th  Ed. ). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.